Artisanal and Smallscale Mining in Africa: Opportunities ...
Mar 01, 2012· Artisanal and smallscale mining (ASM) is a thorny issue for both governments and large scale mining (LSM) companies. Often operating in remote, unregulated and environmentally sensitive areas, difficult to tax and posing a security challenge on the verges of LSM mine sites, ASM miners are generally discussed at major mining forums as a ...